MATLAB Function Reference |
Syntax
Description
C = conv2(A,B)
computes the two-dimensional convolution of matrices A
and B
. If one of these matrices describes a two-dimensional finite impulse response (FIR) filter, the other matrix is filtered in two dimensions.
The size of C
in each dimension is equal to the sum of the corresponding dimensions of the input matrices, minus one. That is, if the size of A
is [ma,na]
and the size of B
is [mb,nb]
, then the size of C
is [ma+mb-1,na+nb-1]
.
C = conv2(hcol,hrow,A)
convolves A
first with the vector hcol
along the rows and then with the vector hrow
along the columns. If hcol
is a column vector and hrow
is a row vector, this case is the same as C = conv2(hcol*hrow,A)
.
C = conv2(...,'shape')
returns a subsection of the two-dimensional convolution, as specified by the shape
parameter:
Algorithm
conv2
uses a straightforward formal implementation of the two-dimensional convolution equation in spatial form. If and are functions of two discrete variables, and , then the formula for the two-dimensional convolution of and is
In practice however, conv2
computes the convolution for finite intervals.
Note that matrix indices in MATLAB always start at 1 rather than 0. Therefore, matrix elements A(1,1)
, B(1,1)
, and C(1,1)
correspond to mathematical quantities a(0,0), b(0,0), and c(0,0).
Examples
Example 1. For the 'same'
case, conv2
returns the central part of the convolution. If there are an odd number of rows or columns, the "center" leaves one more at the beginning than the end.
This example first computes the convolution of A using the default ('full'
) shape, then computes the convolution using the 'same'
shape. Note that the array returned using 'same'
corresponds to the underlined elements of the array returned using the default shape.
A = rand(3); B = rand(4); C = conv2(A,B) % C is 6-by-6 C = 0.1838 0.2374 0.9727 1.2644 0.7890 0.3750 0.6929 1.2019 1.5499 2.1733 1.3325 0.3096 0.5627 1.5150 2.3576 3.1553 2.5373 1.0602 0.9986 2.3811 3.4302 3.5128 2.4489 0.8462 0.3089 1.1419 1.8229 2.1561 1.6364 0.6841 0.3287 0.9347 1.6464 1.7928 1.2422 0.5423 Cs = conv2(A,B,'same') % Cs is the same size as A: 3-by-3 Cs = 2.3576 3.1553 2.5373 3.4302 3.5128 2.4489 1.8229 2.1561 1.6364
Example 2. In image processing, the Sobel edge finding operation is a two-dimensional convolution of an input array with the special matrix
These commands extract the horizontal edges from a raised pedestal.
Transposing the filter s
extracts the vertical edges of A
.
This figure combines both horizontal and vertical edges.
See Also
xcorr2
in the Signal Processing Toolbox
conv | convhull |
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